Optical images of J1343 + 3644. The field of vision of the image is 1 × 1 Arcmin, where the north is the top and the is left. The image is obtained from the Sky-Server inheritance. Credit: arxiv (2025). DOI: 10.48550 / Arxiv. 2004.09801
By analyzing the observation data available, astronomers at Tribhuvan University in Nepal and elsewhere have studied the properties of a compact dwarf galaxy designated SDSS J134313.15 + 364457.5 (or D1343 + 3644 to make it short). Consequently, they found that J1343 + 3644 would evolve in a compact elliptical galaxy.
The new discovery is reported in an article published on April 14 on the arxiv pre-print server.
In general, dwarf galaxies are the most numerous in the universe compared to other galaxies but are difficult to detect because of their low light, their low mass and their small size.
J1343 + 3644 is a compact dwarf galaxy in the fusion process, with a red lag of approximately 0.02, with an absolute magnitude in Range R of -19,17 Mag. The galaxy has a fairly round overall shape and hosts a low -surface tidal tail along the northern direction.
Recently, a team of astronomers led by Daya Nidhi Chhatkuli from Tribhuvan University has decided to inspect this galaxy in detail in order to explore its possible evolutionary scenario. Observation and theoretical evidence suggest that compact galaxies like J1343 + 3644 follow various evolutionary paths, often involving central stars or tidal shift.
“Galaxies in early training are notably more compact than those formed later, obvious from the smallest sizes of galaxies with high red compared to their local counterparts.
The study revealed that J1343 + 3644 has a half-light radius of 1,570 light years, a mass of neutral hydrogen of approximately 7.9 billion solar masses and its star formation rate is estimated at a level of 0.87 solar masses per year. Consequently, J1343 + 3644 is much smaller than the other galaxies with the same brightness and seems to be the most compact early type galaxy.
In addition, it has been found that the stars training activity in J1343 + 3644 is recent and has a notable part of the old stellar population. Astronomers assume that fusion with a satellite galaxy contributed to the old stellar population and finally disturbed the primary gas disc, leading to a burst of stars formation in the center of J1343 + 3644.
The color profile has revealed that the inner part of J1343 + 3644 is considerably more blue than its exterior tidal tail. This color difference suggests that J1343 + 3644 may have accrected a dwarf galaxy not forming floors.
Based on the results obtained, the authors of the article conclude that when the cessation of stars formation occurs in J1343 + 3644, which is generally expected on a time scale of several hundred years, the system will most likely evolve towards a compact elliptical galaxy.
More information:
Daya Nidhi Chhatkuli et al, SDSS J134313.15 + 364457.5: forming the compact elliptical by fusion, arxiv (2025). DOI: 10.48550 / Arxiv. 2004.09801
Newspaper information:
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Quote: Astronomers determine the fate of a compact dwarf galaxy (2025, April 21) recovered on April 21, 2025
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