Lewis’ basic training strategy on demand stimulates the efficiency and stability of perovskite solar cells

Solar cells based on perovskites, materials with a characteristic crystalline structure revealed first in the mineral calcium titanate (Catio₃), emerged as a promising alternative to conventional silicon -based photovoltaics. A key advantage of these materials is that they could produce high power conversion efficiency (PCE), but their production costs could be lower.

Perovskite films can exist in different structural forms, also called phases. One is the phase α of the phase α (that is to say a black photography phase), which is the most desirable phase for the effective absorption of light and the transport of load carriers. The phase Δ, on the other hand, is an intermediate phase characterized by a different atoms arrangement and reduced photoactivity.

Researchers from the University of Toledo, Northwestern University, Cornell University and other institutes have recently introduced a new strategy to control the crystallization process in solar cells based on perovskite, stabilizing the Δ phase while facilitating their transition to the α phase. Their proposed approach, described in an article in Nature energyAllows the formation of Lewis bases on perovskites on demand to optimize crystallization, which can improve the efficiency and stability of solar cells.

“In the manufacture of Fapbi₃– The solar cells of the based perovskite, the bases of Lewis play a crucial role in facilitation of the formation of the desired photovoltaic phase, “wrote Sheng Fu, Nannan Sun and their colleagues in their article.

“However, an inherent contradiction exists in their role: they must strongly bind to stabilize the intermediate phase, but weakly bond for rapid elimination to allow phase transition and grain growth. To resolve this conflict, we have introduced a basic Lewis molecule formation strategy on demand.”

To reliably control the crystallization process during the manufacture of perovskites for photovoltaics, Fu, Sun and their colleagues used organic salts which contained lewis acids. These salts were deprotted to produce Lewis bases at the desired moments, but they can also be transformed into salts and easily removed once they serve their objective.

The researchers evaluated the potential of their strategy proposed in a series of tests and found that they allowed the optimal crystallization of the FAPBI in phase α₃ Perovskite Films. Their approach has proven to improve the quality of the films, ensuring that the A-Sites cations are distributed uniformly and vertically while giving larger and less empty sizes to the buried interfaces.

The team used the perovskite films they created using their method to make solar cells, then tested the performance of these cells. Their results were very encouraging because the cells have achieved good power conversion efficiency that were maintained after their continuous operation for long periods.

“The solar cells of the perovskite incorporating semi-arte-artedarbazide hydrochloride obtained an efficiency of 26.1%, with a national efficiency of quasi-state to the energy of renewable energies of 25.33%,” wrote Fu, Sun and their colleagues. “These cells have retained 96% of their initial efficiency after 1,000 h of 85 ° C operating under maximum monitoring of power point. In addition, mini-modules with an opening of 11.52 cm² reached an efficiency of 21.47%. “”

The team training strategy could soon be applied to other perovskite materials, potentially contributing to the progress of perovskite solar cells and their future deployment of the real world. As part of their study, Fu, Sun and their colleagues used semi-semi-pearly salt hydrochloride containing lewis acid, but their approach can be reproduced using any other salt containing lewis-acid which has a low constant of acid dissociation.

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